RefWorks: Citation Management System
- RefWorks This link opens in a new windowRefWorks is an online research management, writing, and collaboration tool designed to help researchers gather, manage, store, and share information and generate citations and bibliographies.
Style Guides: APA
In October 2019, the American Psychological Association published its 7th edition of the APA Publication Manual, which replaces the 6th edition from 2009. To learn about the major changes in the APA guidelines, please consult this link.
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th Edition) by Call Number: BF76.7 .P83 2010ISBN: 9781433805592Publication Date: 2009In addition to providing guidance on grammar, the mechanics of writing, and APA style, this manual offers an authoritative reference and citation system. It also covers the treatment of numbers, statistical and mathematical data, tables and figures.
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th Edition) by Call Number: BF76.7 .P83 2020ISBN: 9781433832154Publication Date: 2020The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style.
Figures & Tables
NOTE: Figures mean graphs, photos, illustrations, screenshots, etc. (e.g. not a Table)
Number figures consecutively throughout your paper.
Double-space the caption that appears under a figure.
When you use a figure in your paper that has been adapted or copied directly from another source, you need to reference the original source. This reference appears as a caption underneath the figure that you copied or adapted for your paper.
If an image, figure or table is reproduced from another source for a published work, permission must be sought from the copyright holder and this information must be included in the caption; it is not enough just to cite the source. For example: Copyright 2014 by the ABC Company. Reprinted with permission.
Sources for tables must be listed in your reference list. Sources for images or figures are not required in your reference list.
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Figures Caption under Figure Figure X. Descriptive phrase that serves as title and description. Reprinted [or adapted] from Title of Website, by Author First Initial. Second Initial. Surname, Year, URL. Copyright [year] by the Name of Copyright Holder. Reprinted [or adapted] with permission. |
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Tables In text citation format Table X would indicate that... Title above table Table X (Add title or description of table) Caption below table format Note. Adapted/Retrieved/Reprinted from Source website. Copyright (Year) by the Name of Copyright Holder. Reprinted [or adapted] with permission. Reference list format Personal or Corporate Author. (Last update or copyright date; if not known, put n.d.). Title of specific document. URL of specific document |
APA Tutorial (6th Edition)
Database Examples (7th Edition)
IBIS World Database
In text: (Haider, 2015)
Bibliographic citation:
Haider, Z. (2015). IBISWorld Industry Report 52211. Commercial Banking in the US. https://www.ibisworld.com
Mintel
In text: (Spencer, 2015)
Bibliographic citation:
Spencer, D. (2015). Outdoor enthusiasts - US. https://mintel.com
Statista
In text: (Nielsen, n.d.)
Bibliographic citation:
Nielsen. (n.d.). Sports events with the biggest Twitter TV audiences in the United States in 2014. https://statista.com
Simmons Insights
In text: (MRI-Simmons, 2019)
Bibliographic citation:
MRI-Simmons. (2019). National Consumer Study [CONCISELY DESCRIBE VARIABLE ONE AND VARIABLE TWO]. https://mrisimmons.com
Social Explorer
In text: (U.S. Census Bureau, 2016)
Bibliographic citation:
U.S. Census Bureau. (2016). American Community Survey, [CONCISELY DESCRIBE VARIABLES]. https://socialexplorer.com
Interviews & Personal Communication (7th Edition)
Personal Communications
No personal communication is included in your reference list; instead, parenthetically cite the communicator's name, the phrase "personal communication," and the date of the communication in your main text only.
In text: (E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2001).
OR
A. P. Smith also claimed that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (personal communication, November 3, 2002).
Multiple Sources with the Same Author (7th Edition)
When you have two or more sources written by the same author (individual or corporate) and published in the same year, use lowercase letters after the year so that your reader can distinguish which source is which.
Bibliographic Examples:
Koriat, A. (2008a). Easy comes, easy goes? The link between learning and remembering and its exploitation in metacognition. Memory & Cognition, 36, 416–428. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.36.2.416
Koriat, A. (2008b). Subjective confidence in one’s answers: The consensuality principle. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 34, 945–959. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.34.4.945
In text Eamples:
(Koriat, 2008a) and (Koriat, 2008b)
