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Hands-on Practice
Use the information below to practice writing a citation into the text of a research paper. Provide a sentence or two using the excerpt from the article provided by quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing. Refer to the "All of the Different Ways You Cite" information on this page and on the handout for help.
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Article title: The positive role of internet use for young people with additional support needs: Identity and connectedness
Authors: Stephanie Bannon, Tracy McGlynn, Karen McKenzie, & Ethel Quayle
Journal: Computers in Human Behavior
Page numbers: pp. 504-512
Year published: 2017
Quotation from page 512:
The findings suggest that the young people with ASN [Additional Social Needs] included in the current study are making use of the internet in the same ways as adolescents in the general population. Online practice in this group appears to allow engagement in activities which support the development of identity, competence, and a sense of connectedness and belonging with a social network. All of these factors are considered essential to healthy development and psychological well-being, indicating the potential for internet use to have a positive psychological impact on this population.
All of the Different Ways You Cite
Original passage from page 51 of Cathy O'Neil’s 2016 book Weapons of Math Destruction: U.S. News’s first data-driven ranking came out in 1988, and the results seemed sensible. However, as the ranking grew into a national standard, a vicious feedback loop materialized. The trouble was that the rankings were self-reinforcing. If a college fared badly in U.S. News, its reputation would suffer, and conditions would deteriorate. Top students would avoid it, as would top professors. Alumni would howl and cut back on contributions. The ranking would tumble further. The ranking, in short, was destiny.
Now, look at the various ways you can use the opinion expressed in the passage.
| O'Neil (2016) claims that low college rankings have caused schools' reputations and conditions to worsen. | This is a paraphrase but you still need to cite! Since the author’s name is in the sentence, it does not need to be in the parentheses. | |
| Cathy O'Neil (2016) writes, “However, as the ranking grew into a national standard, a vicious feedback loop materialized. The trouble was that the rankings were self-reinforcing” (p. 51). | Punctuation is important! The period does not go at the end of the quote, even if it’s the end of the sentence). Instead, it goes after your citation. | |
| One distinguished mathematician calls the U.S. News’s college rankings "a vicious feedback loop" (O'Neil, 2016, p. 51). | Referring to O'Neil as a distinguished mathematician frames her authority, but since the sentence doesn’t specifically name her, her name must be in the in-text citation. | |
| When I applied to universities, I tried to focus on getting into the highest ranked school that would admit me. As O'Neil (2016) writes about low-ranked college, “Top students would avoid it, as would top professors... The ranking, in short, was destiny” (p. 51). | This is an example of providing the quote in context and providing your commentary to explain your use of the quote. |
Adapted from Purdue OWL Handout: Using In-Text Citations
