Skip to Main Content

INAF1010-23: Money and Markets (McNamara)

Evaluating Sources - CRAAP Method

Criteria Questions to Ask
Questions to ask when evaluating sources.
Currency The timeliness of the information.
- When was it published?
- Has the information been updated or revised?
- Does your topic require current information, or will historic information meet your needs?
Relevance The importance of the information for your needs.
- Does the information in the source relate to your topic or answer your question?
- Who is the intended audience?
- Is the information at an appropriate level?
Authority The source of the information.
- Who is the author or publisher?
- What are the author's credentials?
- Does the URL reveal any thing about the source (e.g., .com .edu .gov .org)
Accuracy The reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the content.
- Where does the information come from?
- Is the information supported by evidence?
- Is the publication peer reviewed or refereed?
- Does the language seem unbiased and free of emotion?
- Are there spelling, grammar, or typographical errors?
Purpose The reason the information exists.
- What is the purpose of the information (e.g., to inform, teach, sell, entertain, or persuade)?
- Do the authors make their intentions or purpose clear?
- Is the information fact, opinion, or propaganda?
- Does the point of view appear objective and impartial?
- Are there political, ideological, cultural, religious, institutional, or personal biases?
Pro Tip: It’s a good idea to find additional sources that verify the information you found on a website to make sure that the information provided is true and accurate.

Creative Commons   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License. | Details of our policy